150-Year Anniversary ยท February 1861

What Happened in February 1861

From the Joseph Ryan archive · A new government at Montgomery

The Confederacy is founded

Delegates from the seceded states gathered at Montgomery, Alabama, and on February 4, 1861, organized the provisional government of the Confederate States of America. Within days they had drafted a constitution closely modeled on the United States Constitution but with explicit protections for slavery.

Jefferson Davis chosen

On February 9 the convention selected Jefferson Davis of Mississippi as provisional president and Alexander Stephens of Georgia as vice president. Davis, a former U.S. senator and secretary of war, was inaugurated in Montgomery on February 18.

Last efforts at compromise

In Washington a Peace Conference of border and northern delegates met to seek a settlement, while president-elect Lincoln traveled by a winding route toward the capital. None of the compromise proposals could bridge the divide over slavery in the territories.

The Confederate government formed in February still had to fight a continental war. How that war unfolded is outlined on the main American Civil War page.

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